In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) is a widely-used assisted reproductive technology that helps couples and individuals overcome fertility challenges. Understanding what IVF involves can demystify the process and provide clarity for those considering this option.
Step 1.
Initial Consultation
The IVF journey begins with a comprehensive consultation with your fertility expert and a thorough review of your medical history. Your doctor will discuss your treatment options, process, and any risks/side effects.
Step 2.
Assessments (Tests & Scans)
This includes medical physical examinations and fertility testing for both partners. Tests may include blood work, ultrasound scans, and semen analysis to tailor the treatment plan to the individual's needs.
Step 3.
Consultation with Nurse
This involves a consultation with your designated fertility nurse who will go through your treatment plan, consent forms, and provide you with any other information that you need.
Step 4.
Ovary Stimulation
Fertility drugs containing follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are administered, typically through injections for 9-14 days, to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple mature eggs.
Step 5.
Monitoring Progress
The ovaries are monitored through vaginal ultrasounds and blood tests to track egg development and determine the optimal time for egg retrieval.
Step 6.
Trigger Injection
An injection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is given to trigger final egg maturation.
Step 7.
Egg Collection
A minor surgical procedure is performed under sedation to retrieve the mature eggs from the ovaries using a hollow needle guided by ultrasound.
Step 8.
Fertilisation
The retrieved eggs are combined with sperm in a lab dish. For cases of male infertility, intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) may be used, where a single sperm is injected directly into each egg.
Step 9.
Embryo Transfer
The fertilised eggs (embryos) are allowed to grow and develop in an incubator for a few days before being selected for transfer. One or more embryos are transferred into the woman's uterus using a thin catheter inserted through the cervix. Any remaining viable embryos may be frozen for future use.
Step 10.
Pregnancy Test
A pregnancy blood test is scheduled around 10-16 days after the embryo transfer to check for pregnancy. A positive result will be followed by an ultrasound scan a few weeks later to confirm viability.
The entire process typically takes 2-3 weeks per cycle, with the pregnancy test being the final step to determine if the cycle was successful. Depending on your specific circumstance and medical history, the IVF process may be manipulated to suit you, for the most favourable outcome.
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